White gesso is a primer used in painting and art creation. It's a thick, white paint-like substance consisting of a mixture of a binder (typically acrylic polymer) and white pigment (usually titanium dioxide). Gesso is applied to surfaces like canvas, wood, paper, or board before painting to create a smooth, evenly toned, and absorbent surface.
The primary function of white gesso is to provide a stable foundation for paint application. It seals the surface, preventing the paint from soaking into the substrate, which could cause discoloration or deterioration over time. Additionally, it enhances the adhesion of subsequent layers of paint, allowing for better color saturation and longevity of the artwork.
White gesso can be applied with a brush, roller, or even a palette knife, depending on the desired texture and effect. It dries to a matte finish, providing a neutral background for painting in various mediums such as acrylics, oils, or watercolors. Additionally, gesso can be sanded or textured to create different surface qualities, offering artists versatility in their creative process.